中國(guó)考試雅思寫(xiě)作常見(jiàn)失分點(diǎn)有哪些?其實(shí),在雅思寫(xiě)作環(huán)節(jié)有些失分點(diǎn),考生個(gè)人也并不是很清楚,這就導(dǎo)致考生自認(rèn)為寫(xiě)作成績(jī)不錯(cuò),結(jié)果去的成績(jī)卻不盡如人意。出現(xiàn)這種狀況就說(shuō)明,考生在解答寫(xiě)作的時(shí)候,沒(méi)有抓住失分點(diǎn),導(dǎo)致自己丟掉了很多本不應(yīng)該丟掉的分?jǐn)?shù)。
經(jīng)常有考生問(wèn)到這樣的問(wèn)題:“我的作文為什么考了兩次都是5分呢?”,“我的作文怎樣才能從5.5分到6分呢?”,“我的作文怎樣才能考到7分呢?”。我相信,眾多的雅思考生也同樣被這些問(wèn)題所困擾著。事實(shí)上,考生們?cè)趥淇佳潘紝?xiě)作時(shí),只要能夠認(rèn)識(shí)到自己的弱點(diǎn),就能夠使自己的寫(xiě)作有所改善和提升。在本文中,雅思專(zhuān)家將通過(guò)分析目前雅思考生的作文,歸納出雅思寫(xiě)作的三大失分點(diǎn)。
失分點(diǎn)一:圖表作文中缺乏對(duì)比
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
從上述圖表作文的考題要求中,我們看到考官要求考生在寫(xiě)圖表時(shí)要注意comparisons(對(duì)比)。當(dāng)然,對(duì)比并不是針對(duì)圖表中任一數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行對(duì)比,而是針對(duì)圖表的主要特征來(lái)進(jìn)行對(duì)比。
舉例:
As is shown from the chart, a vast majority of top decision-makers (92%) regard the member of the European Union as good while less than a half of general public (48%) think it good. That’s to say that satisfactory degree among top decision-makers is twice as much as in general public. (3) In addition, 28% general public comment European Union’s member on neither good nor bad; only a few portion of top decision-makers (4%) look it upon. The attitude towards not know and bad in general public make up nearly a quarter (15% and 9% respectively)。 This number is almost 3 times more than in top decision-makers (2% each)。
解析:
從以上的這個(gè)段落里,我們可以看到紅色部分的字體都是在針對(duì)圖表中的重要數(shù)值進(jìn)行對(duì)比。在此段的第一句中,前面的vast majority和后面的a half of … 通過(guò)一個(gè)表示轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比的連接詞while和less than連接起來(lái),這個(gè)比較級(jí)的運(yùn)用可以使考官非常明確的看到decision makers和general public之間的數(shù)值差異。其次,在本段中,倍數(shù)關(guān)系的使用也讓考官非常清晰的看到了圖表中的重要數(shù)據(jù)及部分信息的重要性。而這一點(diǎn),恰恰是中國(guó)考生使用弱的一個(gè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)。因此,雅思專(zhuān)家建議考生在圖表作文寫(xiě)作中,當(dāng)遇到明顯的數(shù)值差異時(shí),要通過(guò)以上提到的詞匯和句型針對(duì)圖表中的重要數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行有效地對(duì)比。
失分點(diǎn)二:句子使用不靈活
雅思專(zhuān)家建議考生在句子的使用方面要多練習(xí),多推敲。平時(shí)在練習(xí)寫(xiě)作時(shí),每每寫(xiě)完一篇文章,考生要推敲文中的句型——看看所使用的句型是否恰當(dāng)準(zhǔn)確。
舉例:
原句: It is beneficial either for parents or for children to communicate with the teachers by exchanging information and experiences.
改為:Parents should communicate with teachers to exchange information and experiences, which can benefit their children.
解析:
這句話是筆者在批改學(xué)生作文時(shí)具代表性的一個(gè)句子。在學(xué)生寫(xiě)的原句中,我們并未發(fā)現(xiàn)什么錯(cuò)誤,但是我們?cè)谧x這個(gè)句子時(shí)會(huì)感到并未突出和強(qiáng)調(diào)作者的意圖——對(duì)孩子有益。但在第二句中,后定語(yǔ)從句的使用突出了是children受益于家長(zhǎng)和老師的溝通和交流。因此,考生們要明白,句子結(jié)構(gòu)的恰當(dāng)使用對(duì)于句子意義的表達(dá)有很大的幫助。
失分點(diǎn)三:邏輯關(guān)系不通順
邏輯關(guān)系不通順主要表現(xiàn)在連接詞使用不準(zhǔn)確、前后語(yǔ)義不清,甚至是句子的語(yǔ)義偏離主題等。要攻克這個(gè)弱點(diǎn),雅思專(zhuān)家建議考生們平時(shí)多練習(xí),多看一些范文和英語(yǔ)文章。
舉例1:
Also, there are many successful people living in big cities who can teach me a lot about how to live in a competitive society and gain success, like Bill Gates.
翻譯:像比爾蓋茨這樣住在城市里的成功人士可以教我如何生活在這個(gè)充滿競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的社會(huì)里并取得成功。
解析:
這句話來(lái)自于論述living in a big city里談到的住在城市里的優(yōu)勢(shì)。但我們仔細(xì)一看,比爾蓋茨可以直接來(lái)教我們嗎?事實(shí)上,這位考生想要表達(dá)的意思是城市里的教育要遠(yuǎn)比鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)好——有很多學(xué)習(xí)和交流的平臺(tái)。
舉例2:
再看下面這個(gè)段落:
The biggest and most obvious benefit is its contribution to the local economy. Travelling abroad means tourists must spend more money on local transportation, accommodation, and food etc. And the services to the traveller are always expansive. 這句話在這兒和前后的邏輯關(guān)系是什么呢? Once the industry becomes bigger, it gives more employment opportunities to local people and also increases the government revenue.
解析:
讀完這個(gè)段落,我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)文中劃?rùn)M線的句子與主題沒(méi)有什么緊密的關(guān)系,并且與前一句也不存在并列關(guān)系。
舉例3:
Secondly, more knowledge and skills can improve their personal value, 前后兩個(gè)句子之間缺乏有效的連接成分this can help them become much more competitive than before and make them find the job easier than the people who are lack of knowledge. In addition, people in the university can gain more social experience before they enter the society. In order to be admitted by the society, they may take part in some volunteer work and take part in the clubs or some special supporting class to earn more social experience. In conclusion, there are still many benefits for entering the university before going to the society.