下面為大家介紹一種新GRE閱讀方法,結(jié)構(gòu)化閱讀法。利用這樣的新GRE閱讀技巧,考生們可以做到怎么樣一個新GRE閱讀水平提高呢?還請大家進行仔細的研究閱讀,希望這個方法能夠幫助大家。
先大概說一下結(jié)構(gòu)化閱讀問題。所謂的結(jié)構(gòu)化閱讀的過程就像是對圖書館書架上的書歸類整理的過程。鑒于GRE文章的來源和人造性,GRE結(jié)構(gòu)都是有規(guī)律可循的。做題的時候去盒子里的絞一堆首飾里找一個耳釘容易還是在耳釘分類的暗格里找容易呢,你有可能對每一件首飾都清清楚楚,就像你認識每一個單詞理解每一個句子一樣,但是短暫的時間里有效的找出來就是另外一回事了。
這里我將邏輯等價詞定義的很狹義,簡單的說就是閱讀中相呼應的詞,如同義,反義,邏輯包含,邏輯同類,邏輯反類等等。前兩者很好理解,后三者則需要結(jié)合文章具體內(nèi)容來說明。
詞語是怎么和結(jié)構(gòu)扯上關(guān)系的呢,各位看官,下面從這篇文章來看我們應該如何通過邏輯等價詞去看這篇文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)。許多做綠皮的同學對該篇文章很頭疼,因為課上講過的GRE的文章套路似乎并不適用這么一篇。其實不然,該篇文章仍然是以總分結(jié)構(gòu)展開的,何以見得呢。請看黑體和斜體標注的詞。
Great comic art is never otherworldly, it does not seek to mystify us, and it does not deny ambiguity by branding as evil whatever differs from good. /Great comic artists assume that truth may bear all lights, and thus they seek to accentuate contradictions in social action, not gloss over or transcend them by appeals to extrasocial symbols of divine ends, cosmic purpose, or laws of nature. /The moment of transcendence in great comic art is a social moment, born out of the conviction that we are human, even though we try to be gods. /The comic community to which artists address themselves is a community of reasoning, loving, joyful, compassionate beings, who are willing to assume the human risks of acting rationally. /Without invoking gods or demons, great comic art arouses courage in reason, courage which grows out of trust in what human beings can do as humans.
讀過這篇文章后同學們應該看的出來,找語言現(xiàn)象里的but諸如此類的邏輯關(guān)系提示詞是沒有用的,所以就需要通過黑體字來看文章關(guān)系。
這些黑體字就是我所謂的邏輯等價詞,我把它們分為兩類有關(guān)感性,和有關(guān)理性:
第一類Otherworldly, extrasocial, divine, cosmic, nature, transcendence, gods, demons 感性第二類Social, human, reasoning, rationally, reason, human, humans 理性大家應該已經(jīng)看到了這里面的同義詞,比如otherworld和extrasocial; divine, cosmic和nature;反義詞如social和extrasocial等等,而extrasocial和divine, cosmic, nature 就是我所謂的邏輯包含,divine, cosmic, nature則是邏輯同類,而gods,demons和human則是邏輯反類??傊?,這些詞都有內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系,這有什么用處呢?
該篇閱讀對第一類詞都是否定的,比如說never otherworldly,而對第二類詞都是肯定的,比如Great comic art arouses courage in reason. 這說明了作者對great comic art的一個態(tài)度:偉大的漫畫藝術(shù)是有普世價值的(即是理性的)。