針對(duì)新托??谡Z(yǔ)的綜合任務(wù)部分,記筆記的環(huán)節(jié)是多數(shù)學(xué)生的困難,很多同學(xué)遇到記筆記的部分,就感覺(jué)難度大,無(wú)從找到正確而有效的方法。其實(shí),記筆記是可以通過(guò)正確途徑提高的,再加上反復(fù)的練習(xí),我們就可以抓住技巧,記到重點(diǎn)。本篇中,朗閣海外考試研究中心的專(zhuān)家將先介紹幾個(gè)記筆記的誤區(qū),然后為考生們解答新托??谡Z(yǔ)對(duì)話(huà)中什么內(nèi)容是不該記的。
一、筆記的誤區(qū)
誤區(qū)一:盡量多記,無(wú)論記什么,盡量多寫(xiě)字
大家可能沒(méi)有統(tǒng)計(jì)過(guò)新托福口語(yǔ)的聽(tīng)力部分語(yǔ)速是怎樣的,如果按數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)統(tǒng)計(jì)的話(huà),聽(tīng)力部分的速度是一秒鐘3至4個(gè)單詞,那么對(duì)話(huà)是1分至1分半,也就是180至360個(gè)詞左右。我們能記下來(lái)的平均數(shù)量是60至80詞,也就僅僅占到三分之一的比例,怎么能涵蓋所有的內(nèi)容呢?盡量多寫(xiě)這個(gè)概念讓我們更加的困惑,再怎么快,也跟不上,所以很多同學(xué)說(shuō)自己記筆記的能力非常差,那么新托福口語(yǔ)的綜合部分就無(wú)法提高了。
其實(shí),盡量多記這個(gè)概念有些模糊,盡量多記時(shí),要先明確記什么,什么不該記。準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō),就是記關(guān)鍵的內(nèi)容,記可以得分的內(nèi)容,后面我們用具體的例子為大家展示。
誤區(qū)二:希望抓住所有的句子,一個(gè)也不想丟下
上面已經(jīng)為大家統(tǒng)計(jì)過(guò)數(shù)字了,我們至多只能跟上三分之一的內(nèi)容,但是很多同學(xué)希望能聽(tīng)更多的內(nèi)容。如果不寫(xiě)出來(lái),那么能聽(tīng)到的句子就多了很多。但是,我們當(dāng)時(shí)聽(tīng)懂了很多句子和信息卻不記下來(lái),等準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間結(jié)束后,讓我們復(fù)述時(shí),很多的信息已經(jīng)由于我們忘記而缺失了,我們又如何能把內(nèi)容說(shuō)完全呢?所以,在記筆記時(shí),要有選擇的放棄一些內(nèi)容,這樣才能相對(duì)完整地記錄下一些備于后面復(fù)述時(shí)使用的句子。越是不想丟下句子,就越無(wú)法寫(xiě)出聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容。
誤區(qū)三:記和說(shuō)是分開(kāi)的任務(wù)
記筆記時(shí),還有一個(gè)問(wèn)題,很多學(xué)生把記下的內(nèi)容當(dāng)作是聽(tīng)的過(guò)程中完成的任務(wù),而不是復(fù)述時(shí)有效的依據(jù),復(fù)述時(shí)仍根據(jù)記憶,甚至不看筆記。這說(shuō)明了兩個(gè)問(wèn)題,一、筆記質(zhì)量本身不高,沒(méi)有參考性;二、感覺(jué)憑記憶說(shuō)的內(nèi)容比筆記要多。如果是這樣,記筆記有什么意義呢?因此,我們要盡可能的為自己提供方便,記的筆記要為自己服務(wù),要清楚、完整,這樣才能使用筆記。如果不記筆記,憑記憶是非常難的。
二、對(duì)話(huà)中不該記的內(nèi)容
TASK 3
對(duì)于這個(gè)部分,考點(diǎn)是學(xué)生對(duì)于學(xué)校通知的態(tài)度及原因,我們來(lái)看下面的聽(tīng)力原文,其中不需要記的部分已經(jīng)標(biāo)出:
(woman) Thecollege’s making a mistake with this new plan.
(man) What doyou mean? I think it will really help the college to accomplish its goals.
(woman) Don’t beso sure! All that construction, for two years? It’s gonna create a lot ofnoise.
(man) Well, youmean in the beginning, for students still living in the dorms.
(woman) Yeah, students who are trying to sleep ordo works are constantly going to be disturbed. So, people will try to get asfar away as possible, probably by moving off campus. So they are losing evenmore people!
(man) Huh, Ihaven’t thought of that. But still, once all the constructions are over, morepeople will probably want to live in the dorms, right? I mean, the living conditionswill be so much better.
(woman) If they can afford to, do youknow how the college is planning on paying for this plan? By raising the costof campus housing!
(man) Oh! Ididn’t realize that.
(woman) Yeah, so if it’s more expensivewhy would people want to move back into the dorms if they can rent an apartmentfor less money?
劃線(xiàn)的部分總共98詞,全文是205詞,因此我們可以看出,有很多內(nèi)容,甚至是一半的內(nèi)容是不需要記的。我們來(lái)總結(jié)一下不需要記的內(nèi)容包含哪些方面:
1. 表示態(tài)度的長(zhǎng)句子不需要記,只要標(biāo)明學(xué)生同意還是不同意即可;
2. 其中一個(gè)學(xué)生的話(huà)語(yǔ)是輔助內(nèi)容,一般不需要記他的內(nèi)容和原因;
3.感嘆的詞匯或句子不需記;
這樣看來(lái),我們需要記的內(nèi)容僅是態(tài)度及兩個(gè)原因,大大減輕了記筆記的負(fù)擔(dān)。
TASK 5
第五題需要重點(diǎn)記的是五要素,即問(wèn)題、解決方案一、解決方案二、我的選擇及原因。與這五要素?zé)o關(guān)的部分就不需要記。請(qǐng)看下面標(biāo)注的句子:
(woman)Hey, Frank, I heard you got a summer research position with professor Davis.
(man) Uh, huh, but I’ve got a problem.
(woman) Oh?
(man) Yeah, well, since I didn’t hear from her for solong, I assumed I didn’t get the position. So I didn’t apply for a dorm roomfor the summer. I’m afraid it’s too late for that now.
(woman) Yeah, the deadline for campus housing applicationhas already passed. So what are you gonna do now?
(man)Well, I can stay with my parents. They live two hours from here so I thought Icould drive and commute to campus everyday. Iknow my mom and dad would be happy to have me over for a few weeks and most ofmy old friends would be home for the summer so, in a way, it’d be fun.
(woman) Yeah, I understand. But you’d spend quite a bit of timeon the road going back and forth. Won’t you get tired?
(man) Yeah, that thought did cross my mind. The other thing I could do is rentan apartment off campus. Besides being closer towork, I’d also save tons of money on gas.
(woman)Uh, huh. But then you’d have to pay rent.
(man) I know. There’s always something, isn’t there?
這一篇共241詞,而不需要記的內(nèi)容共100詞,也就是說(shuō),第五題需要記的部分較多,因此難度也相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)大一些,我們可以看到,不需要記的部分主要為:語(yǔ)氣詞,提示性的句子,無(wú)真正解題價(jià)值的句子。
綜上所述,我們?cè)谄綍r(shí)的練習(xí)中,應(yīng)多注意記筆記的技巧,適當(dāng)舍棄一些浪費(fèi)時(shí)間、內(nèi)容又無(wú)關(guān)緊要的部分,以提高筆記的效率和質(zhì)量。只要熟悉每個(gè)題型的特點(diǎn),抓住該記的重點(diǎn)而舍棄不該記的部分,就可以做到事半功倍。