新托福口語(yǔ)內(nèi)容記多了，沒用（二）

針對(duì)新托?？谡Z(yǔ)的綜合任務(wù)部分，記筆記的環(huán)節(jié)是多數(shù)學(xué)生的困難，很多同學(xué)遇到記筆記的部分，就感覺難度大，無(wú)從找到正確而有效的方法。講座與之前的對(duì)話有所不同，字?jǐn)?shù)多，內(nèi)容長(zhǎng)，而不該記的內(nèi)容就相對(duì)少一些。我們的講座詞數(shù)大約在200到400詞，學(xué)生真正能記下來(lái)的平均在100詞左右，因此，識(shí)別不該記的內(nèi)容就更為重要，因?yàn)檫@樣可以在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)把握住更重要的內(nèi)容。本篇中，朗閣海外考試研究中心的專家將告訴大家，新托福口語(yǔ)講座中的什么內(nèi)容是不該記的。

首先，我要為同學(xué)們講解，記筆記時(shí)的幾點(diǎn)規(guī)則，幫助大家在記筆記時(shí)提高效率，抓住重點(diǎn)，從而提高分?jǐn)?shù)。請(qǐng)看下面的幾個(gè)學(xué)生的筆記，請(qǐng)大家選出好的，質(zhì)量高的筆記：

很明顯，我們會(huì)認(rèn)為第三份筆記記得比較好，對(duì)比一下，我們看到其特點(diǎn)有四個(gè)：

1. 以短語(yǔ)為單位來(lái)記，便于我們復(fù)述時(shí)參考和串句子；

2. 分行記，清楚，不容易產(chǎn)生歧義；

3. 動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)相對(duì)前兩份較多；

4. 使用符號(hào)，節(jié)省時(shí)間。

這就需要我們平時(shí)在記筆記時(shí)，多注意這些特點(diǎn)，根據(jù)第三份筆記，我們可以比較容易地串起句子，復(fù)述出講座中的內(nèi)容。

講座中不該記的內(nèi)容

TASK 4

我們來(lái)看下面的例子，我為大家標(biāo)注出不該記的內(nèi)容：

Consider this experiment. Two groups of people were asked to watch TV and while they are watching a picture flashed on the screen less than a second, very quickly so it was barely noticeable.

The picture was a boy with a birthday cake. Now, likeI said, there were two groups and each group saw a slightly differentversion of the picture. One group got the boy looking angry, in fact, he was actually throwing the cake on the floor. The other group got a picture ofthe boy smiling, happy, holding up the cake likehe was offering it. Same boy, same cake but differentemotions expressed in each picture.

Everyone was then asked to look at a different image. Now, this is a third image, right? Again, it’s the boy and the cake, butthis time the image stayed on the screen. In this picture, the boy’s justholding the cake basically no emotion on his face, everything very neutral.

Now, remember, nobody knew they’dalready seen a picture of this boy. After a minute, everyone was asked to describe theboy’s personality. Those who’d been exposed to the image of the angry boy, theygenerally described the boy’s personality negatively. Those who’d earlier seenthe happy boy described him, well, positively.

這一篇中，不需要記的共64詞，全文共228詞，因此，我們可以看到，講座中需要記的內(nèi)容比較多，而不需要記的主要有：連接詞，重復(fù)內(nèi)容即兩句或兩分句的內(nèi)容相似，還有非常細(xì)節(jié)的部分比如throw the cake on the floor.

TASK 6

第六題就更加需要抓住有價(jià)值的部分而舍棄語(yǔ)氣、細(xì)節(jié)等內(nèi)容了，值得說明的是，開頭部分的內(nèi)容、中間過渡部分的內(nèi)容和結(jié)論是不需要記的，這是第六題的特點(diǎn)，同學(xué)們一定要掌握這個(gè)特點(diǎn)，不要耽誤時(shí)間記錄不重要的部分。下面我為大家標(biāo)注出不該記的部分，供大家參考和以此類推。

So we’re talking about interior design, uh, specificallythe basic principles typically used in home and office decoration in the UnitedStates. Effective designs create a delicate balance between two things: you need unity and you also needcontrast, which is essentially a break in unity. Now,this might seem a little contradictory but let me explain why we need both ofthese for an effective design.

Thefirst principle, we need unity in our design. Think of it as a consistency.Well, an easy and very effective way to do this is by bringing together similarelements, uh, common example is by matching colors. You pick a color and use itfor different parts of the room. Say, you pick green and then use a light shadeof green for the walls, and maybe a somewhat darker shade for the fabric on thesofa and finally compliment that with a matching green rug. When elements match, the room is unified and givesits resident a sense of order and comfort.

OK, but there is sucha thing as too much unity. Remember, you need a balance of 43 unity andcontrast. If all you do is focus on unity, the result will be a boring room! Sowhat do you do?

Well,you apply the second basic principle of design, which is contrast. Contrastserves to disrupt or break up unity in places, but, in a careful andintentional way. Um, well, let’s continue using color as an example. To createcontrast, color contrast, you need to abruptly change your color scheme once ina while. Uh, let’s see, you could throw bright red cushions on your dark greensofa for example. Contrast makes things standout. The green will look even greener next to the red! So, now your room ismore interesting, not completely the same.

But watch out! Too much contrast isalso dangerous. Just like too much sameness is. Too much contrast will make theroom feel busy, chaotic.

綜上所述，我們?cè)谄綍r(shí)的練習(xí)中，應(yīng)多注意記筆記的技巧，適當(dāng)舍棄一些浪費(fèi)時(shí)間、內(nèi)容又無(wú)關(guān)緊要的部分，以提高筆記的效率和質(zhì)量。只要熟悉每個(gè)題型的特點(diǎn)，抓住該記的重點(diǎn)而舍棄不該記的部分，即使在回答比較難的講座部分，也可以提高很多分?jǐn)?shù)，讓自己的答案增加得分點(diǎn)。